Antibody delivery was performed 4h before viral infection using 10 µg IgG and 20 µL Ab-DeliverIN per 500 000 A9 cells.
This article demonstrates the high efficiency of Ab-DeliverIN transfection reagent from OZ Biosciences to deliver antibodies into A9 cell line.article reference: PLoS Pathog. 2013 Sep;9(9):e1003605.
Vesicular Transport of Progeny Parvovirus Particles through ER and Golgi Regulates Maturation and Cytolysis.
Abstract
Progeny particles
of non-enveloped lytic parvoviruses were previously shown to be actively
transported to the cell periphery through vesicles in a
gelsolin-dependent manner. This process involves rearrangement and
destruction of actin filaments, while microtubules become protected
throughout the infection. Here the focus is on the intracellular egress
pathway, as well as its impact on the properties and release of progeny
virions. By colocalization with cellular marker proteins and specific
modulation of the pathways through over-expression of variant effector
genes transduced by recombinant adeno-associated virus vectors, we show
that progeny PV particles become engulfed into COPII-vesicles in the
endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and are transported through the Golgi to the
plasma membrane. Besides known factors like sar1, sec24, rab1, the ERM
family proteins, radixin and moesin play (an) essential role(s) in the
formation/loading and targeting of virus-containing COPII-vesicles.
These proteins also contribute to the transport through ER and Golgi of
the well described analogue of cellular proteins, the secreted Gaussia
luciferase in absence of virus infection. It is therefore likely that
radixin and moesin also serve for a more general function in cellular
exocytosis. Finally, parvovirus egress via ER and Golgi appears to be
necessary for virions to gain full infectivity through post-assembly
modifications (e.g. phosphorylation). While not being absolutely
required for cytolysis and progeny virus release, vesicular transport of
parvoviruses through ER and Golgi significantly accelerates these
processes pointing to a regulatory role of this transport pathway
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